Jabir bin Hayyan Muslim scientist
Jabir bin Hayyan 722 to 815 A.D. The full name of the famous Muslim scientist, geographer, astronomer, and the first alchemist in history was Abu Musa Jabir bin Hayyan bin Abdullah bin Al-Kufi. Europe remembers him as Jabir. He was born in the city of Tus in Khorasan. Your father used to work as a pharmacist in Kufa. Jabir bin Hayyan acquired knowledge and wisdom from Khalid bin Muawiya. He also acquired knowledge from Hazrat Imam Jafar Sadiq. Apart from this, his teachers include Harbi al-Hamiari, Yahya Barmaki and Jafar Barmaki. Jabir bin Hayyan's students include al-Kharqi, Ibn al-Ayyad al-Ma'ri and al-Ahmiyyah. Muslims have a bad share in chemistry. Muslims are called the inventors of the modern science of chemistry. Until the 70th century, Muslims were considered expert chemists. The word chemistry came from the Hebrew word "chem ya" in Arabic. Jabir bin Hayyan says about chemistry that: "The most important thing in chemistry is experience. A person who does not base his knowledge on experience always makes mistakes." So if you want to get the correct knowledge of chemistry, then depend on the experiments and only know the correct knowledge which is proven correct by the experiment. The greatness of an alchemist lies not in what he has read, but in what he has proved by experiment.” Jabir Hayyan's theory was that all metals are composed of sulfur and mercury. When they chemically combine with each other in a completely pure state, gold is produced. When mixed chemically in an impure state, other metals such as silver, lead, copper, iron, etc. appear due to the presence and reduction of their quantity. According to this theory, since there is essentially no difference in the chemical composition of other metals and gold, it is perfectly possible to convert low-value metals into gold. Jabir bin Hayyan's view of metals lasted more or less till the 18th century. In the following centuries, thousands of people spent their whole lives in search of "red sulphur"
In this process, a metal is heated to form its oxide. Jabir bin Hayyan has written a comprehensive book on this particular process, in which he describes in detail the methods of making metal alloys, i.e. boats. In his books, Jabir bin Hayyan described making steel, dyeing leather, refining metals, making wax, making dyes to darken hair, varnishing iron to protect it from rust, and making twenty such useful items. Methods are described. The production of these items is considered quite difficult even nowadays and its delivery requires a lot of technical ability. It can be inferred that in a time when the knowledge of chemistry was very limited compared to the present time, the preparation of these useful items from the brain of Jabir bin Hayyan was due to his superior knowledge and unparalleled skill in industrial chemistry. The proof of skill. In addition, Jabir bin Hayyan in his books also wrote down the methods of obtaining sifda, i.e. lead carbonate, arsenic i.e. arsenic and kahal i.e. antimony from their sulphide. That road acid i.e. lemon ,
were well aware of vegetable acids such as acetic acid (vinegar) and tartaric acid (citrus acid). His most important work is the discovery of three mineral acids, which he prepared for the first time in the world with the help of Qura Anbiq. Qura Anbiq Jabir bin Hayyan is a special and valuable invention in chemistry. From which the work of distilling, extracting and extracting sat or essence is taken. Jaber bin Hayyan discovered the acid of kalmi Shure for the first time in the same way. Jaber Hayyan proved that copper, silver, leather and Adds swarakh to other materials
But not to gold and glass. From another experiment, Jabir bin Hayyan obtained another acid, which is now called sulfuric acid. This acid also dissolves gold. Its name Maa al-Muluk, meaning the water of the kings. In Latin, it is called aquq regia, the same term is used in English. S. Le Bon has said that by combining the books of Jabir bin Hayyan, we can prepare an encyclopedia containing those sciences. Ibn Nadeem has mentioned three hundred compilations of Jabir bin Hayyan. Jabir bin Hayyan addresses his students while referring to the Qur'an, "In order to understand knowledge, one has to work with patience. It is something that requires perseverance." Despair and hopelessness should not be allowed to pass.
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Jabir Hayan says to his students, "Look, my brother, save yourself from despair." Disappointment will destroy both your life and wealth. By Allah! I have only compiled in these books and the rest is the knowledge of the Holy Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace. Jabir bin Hayyan died in 815 AD in Tus and he is buried there.
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